1. The flexibility of film allows the
artist __________ unbridled imagination to the animation of cartoon characters.
- (A) to bring
- (B) bringing
- (C) is brought
- (D) brings
- 答案：A
- 测试点：不定式。
- 分析：allow+sb．十不定式为固定结构。4个答案中只有(A)to bring是不定式。
2.
Traditionally, __________in New England on Thanksgiving Day.
- (A) when served is sweet cider
- (B) when sweet cider is served
- (C) is served sweet cider
- (D) sweet cider is served
- 答案：D
- 测试点：主谓结构。
- 分析：原句主、谓俱缺，应选一完整的主语+谓语的结构，即(D)。(A)、(C)不通，(B)则是从句，不适合此句。
3.
Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent __________, or pronghorn.
- (A) it is the American antelope
- (B) the American antelope is
- (C) is the American antelope
- (D) the American antelope
- 答案：C
- 测试点：倒装句。
- 分析：Typical of放在句首的句子，要用倒装句。Typical of…短语是表语，应在答案中选择“系动词+主语”的结构，即(C)。
- 解题要点：遇倒装句在4个答案中寻找以系动词 (be)开始的结构。
4. Lillian D. Wald, public health nurse
and __________, was born in Cincinnati Ohio, in 1867.
- (A) reforming society
- (B) social reformer
- (C) who reformed society
- (D) her social reform
- 答案：B
- 测试点：并列结构。
- 分析：本句and前后都应是说明身份的名词性成份，故应选 (B) social reformer与nurse并列。(A)为动词性的分词词组；(C)是从句；(D)虽是名词性的，但不说明身份。
5. Copper sulfate, spread in judicious
amounts, kills algae __________ harming fish or aquatic invert-ebrates.
- (A) does not
- (B) but does no
- (C) except
- (D) without
- 答案：D
- 测试点：介词。
- 分析：空格后的harming是动名词，前面应加介词，故选(D)。(A)是谓语动词的否定式，而farming不是谓语动词：(B)可以说does no harm (to)，但不能说does no harming；(C)虽为介词，但意思不对。
6. Of the millions who saw Haley’s comet
in 1986, how many people __________long enough to see it return in the
twenty-first century.
- (A) will they live
- (B) they will be living
- (C) will live
- (D) living
- 答案：C
- 测试点：谓语。
- 分析：这句话有主语但缺少谓语动词，所以选择能作谓语的(C)。(A)、(B)结构是错误的，而且都重复了主语they；(D)不是谓语动词形式。
7. __________that fear, happiness,
sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions.
- (A) Anthropologists have discovered
- (B) Anthropologists discovering
- (C) The discovery by anthropologists
- (D) Discovered by anthropologists
- 答案：A
- 测试点：复合句。
- 分析：空格后紧接that时，前一定是主句。故要在4个答案中选主谓语完整的结构即(A)。其余3个答案都无谓语动词。
- 解题要点：连接词that在TOEFL结构题中是至关重要的提示符号。它表明此句是复合句，故that前后均应是主谓完整的句子，即主句和从句。
8.In 1964__________of Henry Ossawa
Tanner’s paintings was shown at the Smithsonian Institution.
- (A) was a major collection
- (B) that a major collection
- (C) a collection was major
- (D) a major collection
- 答案：D
- 测试点：主语。
- 分析：此句缺少主语。答案中只有(D)是名词结构，能够充当主语。
9. __________irritating effect on
humans, the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely
discontinued.
- (A) Its
- (B) Where its
- (C) Since its
- (D) Because of its
- 答案：D
- 测试点：介词短语。
- 分析：逗号后为一完整的句子，则逗号前只有两种可能；短语或从句。4个答案中无一有谓语动词，故正确答案只可能是短语。因此，选择(D)。Because of为介词短语。(C)since作介词时是“自从”的意思，如表示“因为”则是连词。
10.In order to remain in
existence,__________must, in the long run, produce something consumers consider
useful or desirable.
- (A) a profit-making organization
- (B) a profit-making organization which
- (C) therefore a profit-making organization
- (D) whichever a profit-making organization
- 答案：A
- 测试点：主语。
- 分析：助动词must前一定是主语。应选择名词性结构作主语，即(A)。
11.The greater the population there is
in a locality,__________for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.
- (A) the greater the need there is
- (B) greater need
- (C) is there great need
- (D) the great need
- 答案：A
- 测试点：并列的比较级句型。
- 分析：(the十比较级…the+比较级)看到句首The greater,就要开始从答案中寻找相同句型的比较级结构。(A)同样以the greater开头，其后结构亦相同，故选(A)。(B)缺the；(C)及(D)均未用比较级。
- 解题要点："the十比较级…the+比较级”结构是TOEFL常考题型，其前后两个比较级句型应结构对等。
12. A historical novel may do more than
mirror history; __________future events.
- (A) even influencing
- (B) it may even influence
- (C) may even influence
- (D) that it may even influence
- 答案：B
- 测试点：分号结构。
- 分析：分号的作用相当于句号，分号前后都应是完整的句子，故选 (B)。(A)不是句子；(C)无主语；(D)是从句。
13.
__________a child, sculptor Anne Whitney showed an eager intellect and artistic
talent that her parents recognized and encouraged.
- (A) Has been
- (B) It was while
- (C) She was
- (D) As
- 答案：D
- 测试点：介词。
- 分析：As a child是一介词短语，作状语，后面是完整的句子。
14. It is widely believed that the pull
of gravity on a falling raindrop changes__________round shape into a teardrop
shape.
- (A) of the drop
- (B) the drop’s
- (C) drop of
- (D) drops their
- 答案：B
- 测试点：定语。
- 分析：Round shape前缺限制它的定语，故选名词所有格(B)the drop's。另，注意change为及物动词，后面直接加宾语，无须再加任何介词，故排除(A)。
15.__________modern offices becoming
more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less
severe interiors.
- (A) If
- (B) But
- (C) With
- (D) Once
- 答案：C
- 测试点：介词。
- 分析：modern offices becoming more mechanized是动名词，做介词with的宾语。(A)、(B)为连词，后接从句；(D)为连词时意为“一旦”，作副词时则是“曾经”，“一度”的意思。
16. Not woman held a presidential cabinet position in the United States until 1933, when Frances Perkins became secretary of labor.
- 答案：A
- 测试点：否定词。
- 分析：no，not以及none这三个否定词的用法，常在题中故意混淆。副词not不能修饰名词woman，此外应用形容词no。
- 解题要点：no或not出现在TOEFL改错题中，应首先考虑其是否正确。
17. The human body relies on certainty nutrients for its survival.
- 答案：C
- 测试点：词性。
- 分析：此处修饰名词nutrients要用形容词certain，不用名词certainty.
18. Too much electric current may flow into a circuit as a result either of a fault in the circuit and of an outside event such as lightning.
- 答案：D
- 测试点：连词短语
- 分析：either…or…的用法。看到either这个词，要注意寻找其后是否有相应的or。and应为or。
- 解题要点；either…or，neither…nor, both…and等连词习语为TOEFL常考题型，注意其前后搭配。
19. The Appalachian Trail, extending approximately 2,020 miles from Maine to Georgia, is the longer continuous marked footpath in the world.
- 答案：C
- 测试点：最高级。
- 分析：形容词或副词前有the，后有in the world等表示范围—类的短语，应当用最高级形式。此处longer应为longest。
- 解题要点；当TOEFL改错题中出现划线的形容词或副词的比较级或最高级形式时，应注意其用法是否正确。
20. For years, elephants were hunted for food and ivory, and as a result theirs numbers have been greatly reduced.
- 答案：B
- 测试点：词性。
- 分析：numbers为名词，前面要用形容词性的代词their。theirs为名词性质。
21. Barges which carrier most of the heavy freight on rivers and canals are usually propelled by towing.
- 答案：A
- 测试点：词性。
- 分析：carrier是名词，而此处需要谓语动词。应为carries。
- 解题要点：名词后缀-er,-or,-tion,-sion等形式出现在TOEFL改错题中，应引起特别注意。
22. Although afflicted by serious eyesight problems, Alicia Alonso was one the principal stars of the American Ballet Theater and later formed her own dance company.
- 答案：C
- 测试点：习语。
- 分析：One of the+复数名词／名词词级是固定说法，此处缺of.
23. The ritual combat of animals are triggered by precise signals.
- 答案：B
- 测试点：主谓数的一致。
- 分析：主语是单数的combat,系动词要用心
- 解题要点：介词短语of animals是名词combat的定语，这类以of引接的定语后置结构要特别注意主谓的数是否一致。
24. It is more difficult to write simply, directly, and effective than to employ flowery but vague expressions that only obscure one’s meaning.
- 答案：B
- 测试点：并列结构／词性。
- 分析：and的前后部分应同词性、同性质，此处应用副词effectively与and前的simply和directly并列，不用形容词effective。
25. Different species of octopuses may measure anywhere from two inches to over thirty feet in long.
- 答案：D
- 分析：表示“在长度方面”固定的说法是in length，不用long。从词性考虑，介词诅后要加名词(1ength),不能加形容词(1ong)。
- 解题要点；TOEFL考题中表示长(1ong，length),高(high，height),深(deep，depth)等词的名词及其形容词形式常常混淆。
26. According to some theories derived from psychoanalysis, life is supposedly easier and mo re pleasant when inhibitions overcoming.
- 答案：D
- 分析：inhibitions前有连接词when，说明其后应为主谓完整的从句。overcoming不是谓语动词的形式，应为are overcome。
27. When rainbows appear, they are always in the part of the sky opposite directly the Sun.
- 答案：D
- 分析：介词和它的宾语之间不要加入副词。此处副词directly应在介词opposite之前。
28. Benjamin Franklin drew a political cartoon that is credited raising 10,000 volunteers for the American Revolutionary War.
- 答案：C
- 分析：Be credited with是固定短语，表示“被认为取得某种成就”。
29. The begins of the modern chemistry laboratory go back to the workrooms of medieval lchemists.
- 答案：A
- 分析：此处要求名词作主语，而begins则是动词形式。应为beginnings.
30. In many pieces of music there is a dominant theme on which the restful of the composition is centered.
- 答案：C
- 分析：The rest of是固定短语。从词性的角度来分析，冠词the后面应接名词。
31. Luminescence refers to the emission of light by means another than heat.
- 答案：C
- 分析：遇有划线的another或other要加以注意，这两个词常被相互错用。此处应为other。Other than是固定说法，表示“除了，不同于”。
32.In a representative democracy, the people election delegates to an assembly.
- 答案：C 测试点：词性。
- 分析：此处需一动词作谓语，而election是名词。解题要点；参见本套考题的第(21)题。
33.George Washington Carver found hundred of uses for the peanut, the sweet potato, and the soybean and thus stimulated the cultivation of these crops.
- 答案：A
- 分析：表示不确定数目的短语，如hundreds of，thousands of，millions of等，均用复数。
34. A citadel, a fortress designed for the defense of a city, usually standed on top of a hill.
- 答案：D
- 分析：这类考题数量虽不多，但考的是最基本的知识，不应做错。stand的过去式是stood，standed是个错字。解题要点；stand-stood·stood及begin-began-begun等不规则动词变化形式要记牢。
35. Conservative philosophers argue that the very structure of society is threatening by civil disobedience, while humanists stress the primacy of the individual conscience.
- 答案：B
- 分析：系动词 (be)和介词by同时出现是被动语态的信号，它们之间的动词要用过去分词。此处threatening应为threatened.
36. Since 1971 the regional corporations set up in Alaska by Congress managing everything from fishing to banking.
- 答案：C
- 分析：此处需要谓语动词形式have managed。句中set up为过去分词短语，修饰前面的名词主语corporations。另外注意 (D)banking为名词，意为“银行业”。
37. A rocket burns propellant rapidly and most rockets carry a supply that last just a few seconds.
- 答案：D
- 分析：that为从句主语，后接动词作其谓语。而that代指单数的a supply故其谓语也应用单数形式的lasts。
38. Textile art is known for both its tactile and vision qualities.
- 答案：C
- 分析：连词and要求它两边是同词性、同性质的成份。此处and一边是形容词tactile，另一边应当也是形容词visional，不用名词vision。
39. The metal aluminum has been first isolated early in the nineteenth century.
- 答案：B
- 分析：若句中有表示具体时间的状语，如in the nineteenth century等，则不能用现在完成时，而要用一般过去时。此处has been为was。
40. Gulls can often be see swooping over large bodies of water.
- 答案：B
- 分析：系动词be后不能加动词原形，此处应以be+过去分词表示被动。see应为seen。